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Orange

Fruits

The orange, or sweet orange, is the fruit of a tree in the Rutaceae family, botanically a hybrid between the pomelo and the mandarin orange. It originated in a region spanning southern China, northeast India and Myanmar, with the earliest known mention of the sweet orange appearing in Chinese literature in 314 BC. Orange trees are now grown widely in tropical and subtropical regions, with Brazil the leading modern producer. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

Facts
Scientific Name
Citrus × sinensis (sweet orange, a hybrid of pomelo and mandarin orange) 1
Crop Class
Fruit 1
Domestication Region
Southern China, Northeast India, and Myanmar 1
314 BC is the earliest known literary mention of the sweet orange, not a claimed domestication date.
Domesticated When (Circa)
earliest literary mention in Chinese literature, 314 BC 1
Connections

Associated With

The Asian citrus psyllid is the principal vector of huanglongbing (citrus greening) in orange and other citrus.

Citrus Canker, Pests and Diseases

Citrus canker (Xanthomonas citri) is a major bacterial disease of orange and other citrus.

Citrus tristeza virus has destroyed tens of millions of orange and other citrus trees globally.

Huanglongbing, Pests and Diseases

Huanglongbing (citrus greening) is the most destructive disease of orange and citrus worldwide.

The Mediterranean fruit fly is a major quarantine pest of orange and other citrus fruit.

Sources
1. Orange (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundation
  • Lead section
    The orange, also called sweet orange to distinguish it from the bitter orange (Citrus × aurantium), is the fruit of a tree in the family Rutaceae.
  • Lead section, scientific name
    Botanically, this is the hybrid Citrus × sinensis, between the pomelo (Citrus maxima) and the mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata).
  • Lead section, classification
    The orange, also called sweet orange to distinguish it from the bitter orange (Citrus × aurantium), is the fruit of a tree in the family Rutaceae.
  • Lead section, domestication region
    The orange originated in a region encompassing Southern China, Northeast India, and Myanmar
  • Lead section, domestication date
    the earliest mention of the sweet orange was in Chinese literature in 314 BC.
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