An agricultural subsidy is government financial support to farmers or agricultural businesses, paid directly, through price supports, input cost reduction, crop insurance backing or trade protection, intended variously to stabilize farm income, keep domestic food production and prices steady, or pursue other policy goals such as land conservation. Subsidy programs in wealthier countries, such as the United States farm bill system and the European Union's Common Agricultural Policy, are criticized by trade economists and by many lower-income food-exporting countries for depressing world prices and disadvantaging farmers who receive no comparable support.
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The Common Agricultural Policy is the European Union system of farm income and price support, funded as agricultural subsidy.
Defra administers England's Environmental Land Management schemes, the domestic replacement for European Union Common Agricultural Policy subsidy payments after the United Kingdom left the EU.
Germany's federal agriculture ministry administers Germany's share of European Union Common Agricultural Policy subsidy payments, the second largest national share after France.
France's agriculture ministry oversees the country's receipt of European Union Common Agricultural Policy subsidy payments; France is consistently the largest national recipient of CAP funds.
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