John McEwen

Sir John McEwen, born March 29, 1900, and died November 20, 1980, was an Australian politician who led the Country Party from 1958 to 1971 and served as the country's 18th prime minister in a caretaker capacity from December 1967 to January 1968 following the disappearance of Harold Holt. He served as Minister for Commerce and Agriculture from 1949 to 1956, a portfolio in which he played a key role in normalizing and accelerating trade relations between Australia and Japan, later expanding it into the Minister for Trade and Industry role from which he pursued a policy of high tariff protection for manufacturing known as McEwenism, including negotiating the 1957 Japan-Australia Commerce Agreement. He spent 25 years as a government minister over a 36-year parliamentary career and became the first deputy prime minister of Australia, serving from 1968 to 1971, before retiring to manage his cattle farm.