Concept

Heterosis

het-er-OH-sis
Also Known As Hybrid vigor
Genetic Resources and Crop Diversity

The improved performance of a hybrid over both of its parents, the phenomenon breeders call hybrid vigor. Demonstrated in maize by George Shull and Edward East in the early twentieth century, and made practical by Donald Jones's double-cross method of 1914 to 1917, it is the reason nearly all commercial corn is hybrid corn: the crosses substantially outyield conventional varieties and respond better to fertilizer. Why crossing distant parents produces the boost is still argued among competing genetic explanations.

Facts
Origin Year
1914 1
George H. Shull coined the term heterosis in 1914, after he and Edward East had independently documented the yield gain in hybrid maize around 1908.
Classification
Concept Class
Genetic Resources and Crop Diversity 1
Connections

Associated With

Hybrid Seed, Concepts
Maize, Crops

Demonstrated in maize by Shull and East; Jones's double-cross of 1914 to 1917 made hybrid corn practical

Source Heterosis (Wikipedia)

Classified As

Developed By

Source Heterosis (Wikipedia)
Source Heterosis (Wikipedia)

In Discipline

The working principle behind hybrid breeding programs

Source Heterosis (Wikipedia)
Sources
1. Heterosis (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundation
  • Lead section
    Heterosis, hybrid vigor, or outbreeding enhancement is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring.
  • History section
  • lead description (concept-class)
    The improved performance of a hybrid over both of its parents, the phenomenon breeders call hybrid vigor.
  • Developed By: Edward Murray East, Genetic and epigenetic bases
    The overdominance hypothesis was developed independently by Edward M. East (1908) and George Shull (1908).
  • Developed By: George Harrison Shull, Genetic and epigenetic bases
    The overdominance hypothesis was developed independently by Edward M. East (1908) and George Shull (1908).
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